izindaba

1. Ukutholakala kwama-amino acid
Ukutholakala kwama-amino acid kwaqala eFrance ngo-1806, lapho osokhemisi uLouis Nicolas Vauquelin noPierre Jean Robiquet behlukanisa ikhompiyutha ne-asparagus (kamuva eyaziwa ngokuthi i-asparagine), i-amino acid yokuqala yatholwa. Futhi lokhu kutholakala kwavusa isasasa lomphakathi wesayensi kuyo yonke ingxenye yempilo, futhi kwagqugquzela abantu ukuthi bafune amanye ama-amino acid.
Emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, osokhemisi bathola i-cystine (1810) ne-monomeric cysteine ​​(1884) ngamatshe ezinso. Ngo-1820, osokhemisi bakhipha i-leucine (enye yama-amino acid ebaluleke kakhulu) ne-glycine ezicutshini zemisipha. Ngenxa yalokhu kutholakala kwimisipha, i-leucine, kanye ne-valine ne-isoleucine, kubhekwa njenge-amino acid ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwamaprotheni wemisipha. Ngo-1935, kwatholakala futhi kwahlukaniswa wonke ama-amino acid angama-20, okwenza ukuthi isazi samakhemikhali nesazi sokudla uWilliam Cumming Rose (uWilliam Cumming Rose) anqume ngempumelelo izidingo ezisezingeni eliphansi nsuku zonke ze-amino acid. Kusukela lapho, ama-amino acid sekuyiyona nto okugxilwa kuyo embonini yezempilo ekhula ngokushesha.

Ukubaluleka kwama-amino acid
I-amino acid ngokubanzi ibhekisa kunhlanganisela ye-organic equkethe zombili iqembu le-amino eliyisisekelo neqembu le-acidic carboxyl, futhi ibhekisa kuyunithi yokwakha eyakha iphrotheni. Emhlabeni wezinto eziphilayo, ama-amino acid akha amaprotheni emvelo anezici zawo ezithile zokwakheka.
Ngamafuphi, ama-amino acid abalulekile empilweni yomuntu. Lapho sigxila kuphela kwi-hypertrophy yemisipha, ukuzuza kwamandla, ukulawulwa kokuzivocavoca umzimba, nokuvivinya umzimba nokululama, singabona izinzuzo zama-amino acid. Emashumini ambalwa edlule, ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo bakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile ukwakheka nenani lezakhi emzimbeni womuntu, kufaka phakathi amanzi angama-60%, amaprotheni angama-20% (ama-amino acid), amafutha ayi-15% no-5% wama-carbohydrate nezinye izinto. Isidingo sama-amino acid kubantu abadala singama-20% kuye kuma-37% wemfuneko yamaprotheni.

3. Amathemba ama-amino acid
Ngokuzayo, abacwaningi bazoqhubeka nokuthola izimfihlakalo zalezi zingxenye zempilo ukuze babone ukuthi ziyabandakanyeka kuzo zonke izinqubo ezihlobene nomzimba womuntu.